In film and television production, especially in the early video photography, we need to have a good understanding of the reflection skills of the lens, and we should be familiar with what kind of lens skills reflect what kind of theme content. When we talk about lens skills, in a word, it is push-pull, shake and swing.

I. lens push and pull skills

The push-pull technique of lens is a group of technically opposite techniques. In nonlinear modification, one of them can often be used to complete the other. Pushing the lens can make the audience's field of vision gradually close to the photographed object. The movement of the lens discards the rest of the picture, highlights the key points and directs the audience's attention to a certain part. Zoom lens can also complete this function, that is, gradually advancing from short focal length to long focal length. Pulling the lens is the opposite of pushing the lens. The push-pull effect of the lens is different from that of the zoom. There is a significant difference between the two in completing the push-pull function of the lens, so we need a clear consciousness in the idea of video photography, and we can't simply replace the two with each other.

II. Lens shaking skills

This lens technique is developed according to people's visual habits. When using the pan shot technique, the camera's orientation does not move, but the lens changes the direction of taking pictures, which is very similar to that when we stand still and turn our head to see things. It enables the audience to show the scenes to be reflected one by one, and the slow lens shaking skills can also form an elongated moment, spatial effect and give people a sense of image. Remote photographing with a long focal length lens away from the subject can also form the function of lateral movement or lifting. The motion speed of the pan lens must be uniform. The starting amplitude shall be blocked for a moment, and then gradually accelerated, uniform, decelerated, and then blocked. The falling amplitude shall be slow.

III. lens moving skills

This lens technique is to reflect the spatial connection between people and things, people and people, and things in the scene, and perhaps to connect some things. Mobile video photography is mostly dynamic composition. When the object to be photographed has a static effect, the camera moves to make the scene pass through the picture in sequence, forming a visual effect of patrol inspection. When moving the lens, in addition to the mobile car laid on the track, it can also use other mobile things, such as the plane in high-altitude photography, the train and car reflecting the wilderness time, etc. Its movement can be roughly divided into lateral movement and depth movement according to the moving direction.

IV. camera following skills

It refers to that the camera takes pictures with the moving object to be photographed, in the form of push-pull, shaking, lifting and rotation. Following makes the subject in motion remain unchanged in the picture, and the front and back scenes may be changing constantly. This kind of photographing skill can not only outstanding the subject in motion, but also explain the motion direction, speed, body shape of the object and its relationship with the environment, so as to make the motion of the object consistent, which is conducive to showing the spiritual outlook of the character in the dynamic.

V. lifting lens

This lens skill refers to the picture taken by the camera moving up and down. It is a way to reflect the scene from multiple viewpoints. Its changing skills include vertical direction, oblique lifting and irregular lifting. In the process of taking pictures, constantly changing the height and pitch angle of the camera will give the audience a rich visual feeling. If skillfully used, it can enhance the illusion of space depth and produce a sense of height. If the movement of the lifting lens is appropriate in terms of speed and rhythm, it can creatively express the mood of a plot.

Vi. lens throwing skills

This technique has high requirements for cameramen. It means that after a picture is completed, the camera does not stop, and the lens quickly "swings" to the other direction, so as to change the picture of the lens to another content. Another way to throw the lens is to take a special picture of a moving impression shot thrown in the desired direction, and then arrange it between the front and rear shots. The effect of lens tossing is a fast rhythm, which can form a sudden transition. When arranging, the direction, speed and speed of the swing and the length of the process should adapt to the action, direction and speed of the front and rear lenses.

VII. Rotating lens

There are several commonly used video photographing methods for the picture in which the subject or background is rotating: 1. Rotating photographing along the elevation angle of the lens optical axis; 2. Camera super 360 ° fast ring shaking photography; 3. The photographed main body and the camera are almost on the same shaft disc for 360 degree rotation photography; 4. When the camera is still, it can rotate, invert or turn the impression or photo on the film or tape to an arbitrary angle of 360 degree circle to take photos, and can move clockwise or counterclockwise. In addition, it can also use the rotating carrier to take pictures, and can also obtain the function of rotation. This lens technique is often used to reflect the one-sided vision or dizziness of the characters in rotation, perhaps to set off the mood and atmosphere.

VIII. Lens shaking skills

This kind of lens is not used much in actual video photography, but using this technique under appropriate conditions can often produce strong shock and one-sided mood. The lens shaking skill refers to the camera body shaking up, down, left, right, back and forth during the shooting process. How much shaking, fluctuation and frequency this technique needs in actual photography depends on the detailed situation. When taking photos, the hand-held camera may play a better role on the shoulder. When taking pictures, the lens movement should be uniform, stable and stable. Do not abuse the lens skills aimlessly, pause for no reason, or shake up, down, left, right, back and forth. This will not only affect the expression of the content, but also make the audience dizzy and confused. The direction and speed of the lens movement, but also consider the rhythm and speed of the front and rear lenses.

Article source: Jiangmen film and television production http://www.sjttv.com