Whether human voice, singing, or the sound of musical instruments, they are not a single sound, but a compound sound. That is, it is composed of the pitch of the sound and a series of overtones. These overtones are the digits of the pitch frequency, which is called division in physics, harmonic in electroacoustics and overtone in music. It has a very important influence on the characteristics of timbre. The number and amplitude of these overtones constitute the frequency characteristic curve of timbre. This curve has the expressive power of timbre. For example, the bass frequency of the piano is 27.5hz and the treble frequency is 4186hz, while the piano has more than a dozen overtones, and its high frequency can reach 10khx ~ 20kHz. Generally, 16 overtones or 24 overtones can be measured. These overtones can be divided into low-frequency overtones, intermediate frequency overtones and high-frequency overtones. If the amplitude of low-frequency overtone is strong, the timbre will be mixed; If the amplitude of overtone is relatively strong, the timbre is round, natural and harmonious; The amplitude of high-frequency overtones is relatively strong, and the timbre is bright, clear and analytical.

The spectrum curve of a timbre is different, which is different from the material structure, state, sound intensity and resonance of the sounder.

What is a beautiful voice? According to the concept of Italian bel canto, the intensity from pitch to 16 overtones is connected into a straight line in coordinates, which is called beautiful sound line. Then, the closer the frequency characteristic curve of which timbre is to this straight line, the proportion of low, medium and high frequency overtones of which timbre is also balanced, and the artistic expression of its timbre is also good.

In the beautification and modification of human voice, we can deal with the stop frequency of timbre through the four section balancer in the input channel above the mixer, so as to improve the artistic expression of timbre. The four section balancer in the mixer is divided into four frequency bands. According to the introduction of the German Berlin Music Institute, they are:

HF: 6-16 kHz, affecting the expressive and analytical power of timbre.

Mid HF: 600Hz ~ 6 kHz, affecting the brightness and clarity of timbre.

Mid HF: 200 ~ 600Hz, affecting timbre, strength and firmness.

LF: 20 ~ 200Hz, affecting the mixing thickness and plumpness of timbre.

If the frequency of high frequency band is too weak, its timbre will become the loss of color, charm and personality; If the frequency of the high band is too strong, the timbre will become sharp, hoarse and harsh.

If the frequency of medium and high frequency band is too weak, the timbre will become dim and hazy; If the frequency of the medium and high frequency band is too strong, its timbre will become dull.

If the frequency of medium and low frequency band is too weak, the timbre will become flawless, weak and soft; If the frequency of medium and low frequency band is too strong, the timbre will become stiff and lose vitality.

If the frequency of the low band is too weak, the timbre will become weak and pale; If the frequency of the low band is too strong, the timbre will become turbid.

To make the timbre beautiful, it is necessary to have rich overtones and layers, make the singing sound beautiful, make the audience sound pleasant, and the improvement is not easy to be too strong. LF (bass) is excessive and the sound is turbid; HF (high pitch) is excessive and the sound is sharp and harsh. After upgrading a certain frequency band, we should also consider the impact on other frequency bands, and generally consider the clarity and fullness of the song.

1. Tuning for ordinary people

There are some singing enthusiasts and amateur singers, and some people are just cultural and entertainment relics. Most of them sing for themselves. Some of them have not received basic professional training and lack singing skills, so that there are people who have poor noise and can not use the microphone. Among them, the male voice is easy to show throat and hoarseness, and the female voice is easy to show breath noise and vocal cord noise.

In order to eliminate the above phenomena, the following detailed treatment methods are adopted.

(1) it shall be cut off below 100Hz to eliminate low-frequency noise and make the timbre more pure.

(2) a small amount of attenuation shall be conducted at 500-800hz to make the tone not too stiff.

(3) increase 3-6db in the mid band to enhance the brightness and make the sound clear and bright;

(4) ordinary people have low voice and lack loudness, so the volume should be turned up; The frequency in the range of 200-300hz can also be increased to increase the loudness of the sound.

Amateur singers have a small dynamic range. Do not use automatic volume control.

2. Tuning of professional singers

Professional singers have a loud voice. They have a certain degree of fundamental skills in vocal, sigh, enunciation and resonance singing, and everyone has a certain singing style.

Tuning request:

(1) understand the singer's timbre characteristics, genres, high, medium and low overtones;

(2) understand the singer's range width and dynamic range;

(3) be familiar with songs, lyrics and feelings, and the basic technique of adjusting the morning should be different from the artistic conception of the song;

(4) pay attention to the style of the song and the singer's singing mood;

(5) the level of microphone should be high: broadband response, small distortion and large dynamic.

Female voice:

Female voice is easy to produce s sound (HISS) in high frequency part; The attenuation is 3dB at 7-10khz, which can eliminate the s sound.

Male voice:

The range of male voice is one octave lower than that of female voice, and the frequency is one octave lower. The attenuation is about 3dB at 100Hz, which can increase the clarity.

Article source: Jiangmen recording Manufacturing Co., Ltd http://www.sjttv.com